Allentown Tubist Joins Sousa's Band

Courtesy of the Allentown Band Photograph Collection

A couple of weeks ago I was invited to join the folks from J. W. Pepper to help answer questions about the original Sousaphone while it is on display at an upcoming concert of the Allentown Band. Here's the information about the concert, which will replicate a Sousa Band concert from the early 1900s:

I'm excited about the event, as the Allentown Band is the oldest continuously active community band in America, and one I have never heard in concert - even though I live only about 45 minutes south of Allentown.

But as I was thinking about the concert, I remembered that one of Sousa's Sousaphone players in the 1920s was recruited out of the Allentown Band. His name was William V. Herb (1879-1939), shown at the top of this post with his Conn tuba and his Allentown Band uniform.

While I am actively researching a few other Sousaphonists from Sousa's Band (Herman Conrad, the first to play that instrument, and Jack Richardson, the longest tenured bass player in Sousa's Band), I thought I'd at least get the ball rolling on Herb. Below ere are the newspaper reports I have found so far.

The first is from the September 9, 1924 edition of Allentown's The Morning Call:

The next report is from the April 5, 1925 edition of that same paper:

And then this, from the March 7, 1926 edition:

And then, three years later, this notice about being one of the Sousa Band members injured in a train crash, as reported in the September 10, 1929 edition of the Washington, D. C. Evening Star:

From what I can tell, Herb played Sousaphone in Sousa's Band from 1924-1926, then again in 1929, and once more in 1931. Here he is (I'm pretty sure!) right in the middle of the bass section in 1924:

At some point, after I write my articles on Conrad and then Richardson, I may focus my research on Herb - esp. since he may have descendants local to me. Stay tuned!

More early references to the big horn

 As more newspapers are added to newspapers.com, I am finding more early references to the Sousaphone. Here is one, in the June 4, 1896 edition of a Canadian newspaper, mentioning the original Sousaphone, built by J. W. Pepper in 1895, while it was on tour with Sousa's Band in 1896:

And here is mention of C. G. Conn's first Sousaphone, in the December 18, 1898 edition of the Pittsburgh Post:

Finally, here is a drawing of Herman Conrad with Conn's first Sousaphone in 1901, featured in the Sydney, Australia newspaper, The Sunday Times, with a brief note in the accompanying article suggesting that Sousa was already planning to take his band to Australia in the near future (that trip didn't happen until 10 years later):

An Accessible Version On YouTube!

While I have researched and written extensively on the history of the Sousaphone, most often in The ITEA Journal, I thought it might be nice to get a simple, visually interesting summary of the story behind the original Sousaphone out to the general public - just in case you're interested. Enjoy!

Sousaphones shine at the Super Bowl!

 

While Ludacris and Usher were doing their thing at the Super Bowl halftime show last night, I was delighted to see them briefly upstaged by, of all things, Sousaphones!

The bass players hoisting these silver-plated monsters were members of the Jackson State University Marching Band, known as "The Sonic Boom of the South," and they were having the time of their lives, adding a distinctively college football vibe to the whole halftime spectacle.

Here are a few more photos, showing that there were at least eight in the section, along with other band members, of course, and they appeared to be playing Conn 20Ks (if you look closely, you can just make out the short action valves).

Here's a closer look at the horn itself, which has been reinforced with a few more braces than you normally see on a Conn 20K. I would imagine these guys give these beasts a workout every time they play - sonic boom, indeed!

Chris-Kratt/A. K. Huttl Sousaphone

This past Tuesday we had our quarterly staff training day, called "LCBC U," where, at lunchtime, we decided to have a little fun by hosting a "Hidden Talent Show." The planning team knows that I am a tuba player and Sousaphone historian, so they pretty much demanded that I play my Sousaphone in the show! While the introvert in me hesitated briefly, it was ultimately an easy yes. Here's the back story . . .

When I joined the LCBC staff eleven years ago, I learned that the Lead Worship Pastor, Matt Goss, was also a tuba player, and a serious one at that (he's on the left above, and that's me on the right)! He had studied jazz tuba at Berklee College of Music in Boston. Ever since discovering our mutual love for the tuba, we have kicked around the idea of doing something, just for fun, to play together there at the church. Now, after all these years, we finally had the perfect opportunity!

I grabbed one of John Sass's cool bass lines ("Soul of Song"), and pulled in Jeff Culp, an accomplished drummer (and also a Berklee grad) who oversees music production at the church, and we put together this short Sousaphone feature:

The staff had no idea it was coming (we were introduced as a heavy metal band!), but it was great fun!

I played my son's 1925 Pan American 64K (basically a Conn 14K), and Matt played his grandfather's Chris-Kratt/Huttl Sousaphone - an importer and maker about which I knew almost nothing. Here's more about that apparently rare horn, starting with some photos of it:

The bell engraving, in case you can't make everything out, says this:

Chris-Kratt

INSTRUMENT CO. INC.

HUTTL

BAIERSDORF

UNION N. J.

MADE IN

WEST GERMANY

From what I've been able to piece together from some quick online research, Christian Kratt (1899-1982) was born in Trossingen, Germany and emigrated to New York in 1926 as a clerk. By 1934 he was a musical instrument importer living in Brooklyn and by 1940 was located in Union, NJ, running his own importing business. He lived there until his death (census & immigration records).

In 1877, Anton Konrad Huttl founded his instrument company in Graslitz, Austria/Bohemia (now Kraslice, Czech Republic), and in 1954 the company moved to Baiersdorf, West Germany. This is exactly what we see on the bell, which means that Matt's Sousaphone was built no earlier than 1954. Huttl Band Instruments went out of business in 1979, so, in theory, the horn could have been made anytime between 1954 and 1979.

However, given the very low serial number of "27" on the second valve casing (seen above, assuming that is a serial number), it suggests that it is one of the first Chris-Kratt instruments to come out of the Huttl factory in Baiersdorf. So, perhaps 1954 is a safe bet for dating Matt's Sousaphone.

Regardless, it was cool both to play with Matt (and Jeff), and to become better acquainted with a lesser known Sousaphone maker and importer from years ago!

Jack Richardson's last personal tuba

For quite a few months now, I have been researching John W. "Jack" Richardson (1874-1939), who was the longest tenured tubist in John Philip Sousa's band, joining that world-class ensemble in 1904 (or possibly late 1903), and playing with it for a combined 22 years. During that period, Jack was likely the most recognizable bass player on the planet, being 6 feet 6 inches tall and anchoring Sousa's bass section on the massive upright bell Sousaphone that Sousa himself designed years earlier.

Here is Jack with Sousa's Band in St. Louis in 1904:

Shortly after the death of Sousa in 1932, Jack retired to Steelton, PA, near Harrisburg, where he opened his own cigar store, returning to what may very well have been his first love. His earliest known work as a young man growing up in Lancaster County, PA, was hand rolling cigars in Rothsville, near his hometown of Akron. He was then recruited by a cigar maker up in Newark, NY, both to work in his cigar factory, but also to play in the company band. It was at that time that Jack decided to make music his career - and the rest, as they say, is history.

Over the years, it appears that Jack owned a number of different bass horns. While he initially played a BBb helicon built by the Boston Musical Instrument Co., he eventually owned his own C. G. Conn New Invention Sousaphone, even though Sousa supplied him with a huge 4-valve Conn Sousaphone, built in 1905 it seems, to play when touring with that band.

But somewhere along the line - perhaps much later in life - Jack ended up with a small BBb concert tuba built by Rudolf Sander of Kaiserslautern, Germany. The reason I know this is that I was able to track down Jack's great nephew, Jim Richardson, who was not only aware of his famous tuba-playing great uncle, but also had in his possession Jack's Sander tuba, along with his personal mouthpiece - a gold-plated Frank Holton 51, with an unusually thin rim, and stamped "J. R." on the side, that polished up quite nicely!

When I was finally able to get together with Jack's great nephew, sharing with him everything I had been learning about Jack, he brought both the horn and the mouthpiece with him and graciously gave them to me, both for research-purposes and to eventually find a proper home for these historic items.

With these treasures in hand, my next move was to bring them out to Steve Dillon, of Dillon Music, NJ, and his famous "tuba-whisperer," Matt Walters. I was eager to get their insight on them, as well as to see what it might take to get the tuba back to reasonable playing shape - if that was even possible. I made that familiar pilgrimage yesterday (Steve, Matt and I have worked on a number of historical projects over the years)!

Here is a photo record of my visit, where Matt, and his new apprentice, Ryan, were indeed able to get the valves working again, which was the biggest issue - as well as remove the worst of the dents:

It ended up being a bigger challenge than any of us expected, but that is often how working on vintage horns goes, as Matt reminded me! And while the rotary valve rigging, with its outdated string-pulling design (which caused considerable grief for poor Matt!) would need to be upgraded in order for this little horn to be a great player, it still sounds pretty good for such an old tuba.

SIDE NOTE: Just how old the tuba is is not clear, as there is no serial number to be found on it, and we simply don't know for sure whether Jack bought it new or used. But given that he passed in 1939, it obviously was built before then, and perhaps well before then, given that Sander started making tubas in the 1890s, it seems. Here's the simple stamp on the bell:

This was not the first time Matt has worked on an old Sander tuba (he even has an old photo above his desk showing Gus Helleberg and his two sons with their Sander tubas way back when), but he did point out a strange find about this particular horn when he pulled out the old rotary valves:

"Do you know if Jack was a smoker?" he asked me. I then told him about how Jack was quite the cigar guy, and Matt then explained that there was a lot of tar, or some sort of what appeared to be tobacco residue, in the valves! Yep, that makes sense!

Finally, here is Ryan giving this historic Sander tuba its first test drive!

Next up is seeing if I can polish up what's left of the silver plating. Stay tuned for an "after" photo when that is done!

UPDATE: February 17, 2024 - with a snow day today, I tackled the polishing of this little treasure. Here is a before and after shot:

Now, if only TubaChristmas wasn't so far away! I'd love to take this horn out for a spin!